DeletedUser131 Are these apps installed in a private space?
No.
GrapheneOS Turn off developer options as a starting point.
I've had them on basically ever since I've installed GrapheneOS with no issue, but I'll try that out and see if it improves something.
other8026 this might be a stretch and might be completely off base, but have you allowed Google Play Services to run in the background? Go to Settings > Apps > All apps > Google Play Services > App battery usage > (tap the text allow background usage), then make sure background usage is enabled and set to "unrestricted".
Google Play Services have been set to unrestricted since day 1. I additionally tried doing this for YouTube Music (thanks for the clicking the text hint!) to no avail.
I have since my original post updated to Android 15, where the issue still persists.
I'm at a slight loss for what could the issue could be, especially since it started occurring only recently. Thank you for all the help in the meantime!