NXG-3D If you don't use sandboxed Google Play which has to run in the background to deliver notifications etc., or something like Signal which would either use Google Play or its own implementation for notifications, it explains why your device has this kind of battery life.
People who report "bad" battery life almost always have a bunch of stuff always running that results in that kind of battery life.
GrapheneOS in the way you're using it is going to have much better battery life than stock as there isn't a bunch of services running by default, but you can install plenty to bring it on par with stock, and even beyond that, e.g. by using multiple apps with their own notification systems, which would mean each of them has to run in the background separately etc.