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Further context:
Posteo don't log IP address or user information, but can have their mailbox accessible dependent on settings and if there was a law enforcement order demanding that the mailbox be intercepted to receive this info.
Posteo during 2022
User info: 0
IP addresses: 0
Mailbox contents: 4
https://posteo.de/en/site/transparency_report
According to privacy ProtonMail can see IP temporarily but will have discretion in choosing to log for law enforcement or to combat abuse from the platform caused by the user's email.
They mention the limitations of Email protocols and information they can see from it: which is the same I have mentioned before (incoming messages and metadata):
2.2.2 Account Activity: Due to limitations of the SMTP protocol, we have access to the following email metadata: sender and recipient email addresses, the IP address incoming messages originated from, attachment name, message subject, and message sent and received times. We do NOT have access to encrypted message content, but unencrypted messages sent from external providers to your Account, or from Proton Mail to external unencrypted email services, are scanned for spam and viruses to pursue the legitimate interest of protecting the integrity of our Services and users. Such inbound messages are scanned for spam in memory, and then encrypted and written to disk. We do not possess the technical ability to scan the content of the messages after they have been encrypted. We also have access to the following records of Account activity: number of messages sent, amount of storage space used, total number of messages, last login time. User data is never used for advertising purposes.
As for the spam and virus protection, Posteo do it too: https://posteo.de/en/site/privacy_policy
https://proton.me/mail/privacy-policy
ProtonMail during 2022
- Number of legal orders: 6,995
- Contested orders: 1,038
- Orders complied with: 5,957