Does it matter if location services is on if Waze is the only app to have access, and only while using it? In other words does location services matter if on if no apps have access or you trust the apps that do, like your no log VPN?

    d9780 Apps only have access to permissions you have granted within the constraints of what you have granted. Apps don't have access to location data if they don't have the Location permission and they can't access it outside of what you've granted. If you allowed location access while in use, they can't access it when not in the foreground where they're visible to you either as a visible window or a visible foreground service. It's the same kind of toggle as the camera and microphone toggles.

    Why would a VPN app require the location permission?

      GrapheneOS

      IDK. I thought maybe for mock location but I guess that doesn't really make sense.... Thanks for the answer.
      I guess I was asking who could access my location if the location services was toggled on but no apps had locations access. I guess the answer is hopefully nobody......