Topper-Harley 'm saying is even the days I don't use Waze and stay home, the battery drain is there. And those days I mainly see Firefox and WhatsApp in battery usage.
That is a point to start. That the browser is number one is somehow as it should be.
So Whatsapp as number two? I am curious to know what is really the driver of whatsapp (and other messengers) battery usage. I.e. Threema never uses more than 1% per day but I rarely receive messages there. Whatsapp and Telegram I receive a lot of group chat messages. But I have silenced them. Does the battery usage come from the amount of messages or their size or wether you have instant notifications enabled? I do not know but I know that Whatsapp does not need to be a big power consumer at least with notifications of busy chats muted.
It will depend on your country too. In Switzerland i.e. we have among the lowest radiation limits of base stations worldwide. That means the network providers have a very dense grid of base stations. Which has the nice side effect my phone can send at a lower power because the closest base station is much closer tgen in Germany or France. Which reduces battery consumption. What about your country?
In a commercial OS app providers such as whatsapp can gain priviledged exceptions from battery optimization or background usage by paying a fee. But on a free OS this does not apply.
I have found that background usage was enabled for about any app in GOS. So I withdrew the permission for all the apps that do not need it.