gaffka
in settings -> apps, have you tried "show system" in the three dot menu or using the search function?
For me the left over app only shows than, it is not visible in the normal app list.
If I remember correctly, i uninstalled syncthing-fork also with obtanium. Interesting that we end up with a similar issue especially with this app though I can't think of a reason for this.
But also I don't understand the error you get. It says the package id of the downloaded version is not the same as the existing id: I thought the id is the identifier for apps, so how is it possible for the system to think it is the same app, but not the same id?
Partially answering my own question:
in a comment above the code you postet it sais:
// If the APK package ID is different from the App ID, it is either new (using a placeholder ID) or the ID has changed
// The former case should be handled (give the App its real ID), the latter is a security issue
though i don't know how this placeholder id works and for what purpose it may be used.