I was experiencing this sluggishness on my Pixel 8. (security preview release)
I had no accessibility options enabled, and using default launcher, have disabled all developer options over a year ago. Two reboots hadn't helped
But I had an old work profile that I haven't been using.
So I reinstalled Shelter, found that it wasn't required to delete the work profile (I had already lost the ability to manage the work profile due to uninstalling Shelter earlier). Then uninstalled Shelter, deleted the work profile and rebooted.
Then there was a brief app optimization step after the reboot, and things seem back to normal again.
So I'm not sure if it was work profile related, or it just needed the additional reboot.