Toasted_Mustard My phone does not see local devices and can not connect directly.
The symptoms look like multicast goes but not unicast.
Since you know what unicast and multicast is, I assume you also know what Wireshark is and how to use it. Can you run Wireshark on your local device (computer?) to see what is going on.
If the VPN is configured to be always on and block connections not going through the VPN, multicast also should not leak. So if there is such a leak, we really want to know.
Toasted_Mustard But my expectation is, that the VPN should prevent leaking multicast, regardless of the setting in Syncthing.
Which it did in the past.
Yes, this is true, the settings in any app including Syncthing should not matter, as the apps specifically shouldn't be able to bypass the VPN, whatever they do.