de0u kindly provided a link to the official announcement.
Running e.g Windows 11 fully like a desktop VM (Full Desktop Interface, Window Manager...) would be rather a unintended consequence and not something officially supported.
It's actually about running specific apps in the upcoming, overhauled AOSP desktop mode. With all the nice integration that comes with such efforts. It's about running Windows or Desktop Linux Apps right next to your native Android Apps in a Desktop interface.
Seems like Windows App support will need extra effort from the GrapheneOS Devs compared to Desktop Linux.
And yes, it will work with your Pixel 8 + a Dock/Hub + external Monitor + Mouse Keyboard etc.
Another thing would be, like I already said, running Android Apps virtualized. That includes Webbrowsers as well. Especially useful for TOR Browser, without the huge attack surface for the Host Device.