Greatwhitewing
For this to work, you would have to disable the default setting in "Google Settings" in the Apps setting of the "Settings" app. It is set by default to redirect all location request made by apps to the Google API's to the OS, and therefore the location data doesn't get sent to Google. Your location will not show up on Google Location History or Find My Phone with this setting ON, which is the default state.
To make it so that Google Location Sharing, which will also allow Location History to be aware of your location, and Find My Phone to display the location of your device (With the above setting on, you can still lock or erase your device remotely, just not see where it currently is!), you need to just turn this toggle OFF. Then set Google Location Accuracy to ON (default is off), and give Google Play Services the Location and Nearby Devices permissions. Then you need to also go into Location Services in Settings and toggle ON WiFi and Bluetooth Scanning. Then your device will report location and grab location quickly just like a regular Android!
There certainly is still many, many reasons to use GrapheneOS!
You will boost your security and privacy a lot, read the features in the above link to learn more, but just because Google can read your location, or you have granted 2 permissions to Google Play Services certainly doesn't mean you should give up on securing you digital lifestyle! Running GrapheneOS and learning how to use it well is a HUGE step you are making enhancing your privacy and security! For one, you have added 2 permissions to Google Play Services, no now it has those 2, plus Notifications and Network. On the stock OS, it would have ALL permissions, plus a lot of highly privileged permissions you are not seeing on the available ones to deny it!
Here is also a link to my guide for new users, and a retrospective of my first months using GrapheneOS. Might be a useful read!
So welcome to GrapheneOS!