avidgrapher
Location services > Bluetooth & Wifi scanning
These are disabled by default on GrapheneOS and clearly explained in the settings. Enabling them allows apps you've granted the Location permission to scan for nearby Bluetooth and/or Wi-Fi devices when Bluetooth and/or Wi-Fi are otherwise disabled.
Bluetooth > Connection preferences: Printing service, and Cast.
This isn't relevant.
I guess the printing and casting services will still run even on Airplane mode?
Airplane mode disables the cellular radio. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, NFC and GNSS can still be used with airplane mode enabled. Airplane mode disables Wi-Fi and Bluetooth by default but you can re-enable them and it remembers you did that.