I wanted to look into this more; even though I'm not in France, this thread had me a bit worried.
According to source.android.com the AOPS emergency number database file is located within packages/services/Telephony/ecc/input/eccdata.txt
A quick search in the GOS Github repos led me to the entry for FR in eccdata.txt here.
Now, I'm asking for help in interpreting my findings:
In eccdata.txt,112 is listed with routing: EMERGENCY. However, 15, 17, and 18 are listed with routing: NORMAL. The same is true for eccdata.txt on googlesource.com, so entry listing for FR appears to be identical between AOSP and GOS.
My question: does the routing: NORMAL entry mean that 15, 17, and 18 are not recognized as emergency numbers by AOSP/GOS (and as a consequence, cannot be called from the emergency dialer)?