Third-party apps see which "per-network randomized MAC"

ColaZero

Third party apps see which "per-network randomized MAC" which Mar-address connected with on the Pixel 8a with Grapheneos latest version?

de0u

ColaZero I am not an expert on this. My understanding is:

Modern Android does not allow apps to access MAC addresses without elevated privileges (source source),
But there have been bugs, e.g., CVE-2023-21462.

If it is true that apps can access MAC addresses only by exploiting vulnerabilities, then exactly which MAC addresses are available would depend on which vulnerability is being exploited.