Yes, but only in a limited way that may not be what you really want.
For the example you gave, you can create a shortcut to the App Info screen that lists all install apps. But to actually enable/disable an app, you need 2 more clicks (and maybe some scrolling).
- Long press the Settings app
- Press Widgets
- Drag the icon to your homescreen
- Select "App Info"
The quick settings tiles might be closer to what you want, but AFAIK you can't really customize them. But I see that apps can add their own tiles, so maybe there is an app that would let you define your own customed tiles???