Ok, I am back. I made some progress, but now a new weird issue is happening.
I used the new cable that @de0u suggested. I then also finally got the USB driver installed.
Graphene could see my phone and I was able to get through the step of "Download release."
At the next step, "Flash Release" this is where it got weird. After I clicked on that, it said it was restarting the phone a couple of times (and made that sound Windows makes when you connect a new device) but it just stayed on that black screen that has a red triangle and says "Fastboot Mode" (the one that shows when you first unlock the bootloader). So its like nothing happened.
This video shows at the 12:07 mark how the screen changes during the Flash Release - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qruzL9IdUr8 - but mine never did any of that.
Graphene said it had flashed the install to the device, but then under the Lock Bootloader section it says "Error: Failed to execute 'requestDevice' on 'USB': No device selected"
So somehow it got stuck at the Flash Release stage... I don't know what to do next. I don't want to mess up this phone. If I just turn it off can I try all this again from a different computer? Should I lock the bootloader first? I am lost.
If anyone has suggestions, like how to start over from scratch, it would help. Thank you!
I would like to take this over and try it on a friend's computer instead, but not sure how to get out of the spot I'm in with the phone... so that would be the main piece of advice (I'm stuck on the Fastboot Mode screen where it says its unlocked).