Evidently, it looks like play services also uses the call logs permission for device verification. You can see the article here. @DirtyDan I think this may have something to do with why you have to use the number verification toggle in Google settings.
I'm doing a comparison with two phones right now to see what missing permissions might trigger verification failure. So far, I have both phones working with RCS, but the one that only had SMS, phone, network, notifications, contacts, & storage scopes got stuck in the verification loop about a day or so after I got RCS working initially. Right now I've added the call logs permission to both apps, so we'll see how things go over the next few days.