I initially had to reach out to my carrier for assistance when I switched to eSIM, but they did eventually lead me to a solution and it's working great.
A word of advice: I don't say that I'm using Graphene when I have to ask for tech support. Almost invariably, that response will be met with what you ran into, a refusal to consider any other explanation for your troubles. Keep it generic, just say Android 14. At least then they'll give you the troubleshooting steps, and one might work.