This means that all 3 of these apps have a memory corruption bug that's being uncovered and caught by hardened_malloc.
You can read more about this here:
https://grapheneos.org/usage#bugs-uncovered-by-security-features
It works when you enable that toggle because then those apps no longer use hardened_malloc, so they no longer abort due to the caught memory corruption issue.
These apps need to fix their memory corruption bugs, as they have potential security implications.
Here's a recent memory corruption bug which was resolved thanks to being caught by hardened_malloc:
https://github.com/deckerst/aves/issues/722
Aves Gallery switched to using a library for video playback called media_kit which ended up containing a memory corruption bug, and thus making the app crash on OSes that use hardened_malloc such as GrapheneOS and DivestOS whenever you tried to play a video. It was through that that the memory corruption issue was found and fixed for the latest release. :)
P.S. I took the librety of modifying the title of the thread to add the names of the apps and what was actually happening to help with searchability, as "broken apps" isn't as descriptive a title!