[deleted] Admittedly I haven't used stock Android for a while, but last time I checked, it certainly was not possible to disable user-installed apps. It was only possible to install apps bundled with the phone.
A recent update to GrapheneOS hides the disabled status of apps you use from app stores, so you can update disabled apps without them being enabled again by the update.
https://grapheneos.org/releases#2023041100
On a related note, it is recommended that you don't disable any system apps. It is likely to break things.