AleniaGoldBerg
So the Trusted Platform Module (Titan M/Tensor chip in the case of the modern Pixel phones) is sort of a standalone computer/vault, whose sole purpose is to store credentials and deal with authentication while running in parallel to the Android system. TPM internals are, more-less, a closely guarded secret (for all manufacturers) and peer review is practically non-existent. Forget about FOSS code. Verification is usually limited to "trust us, bro" .
The TPM stores credentials (like disk encryption keys(LUKSetc), password, passkeys, etc) by encrypting them with keys derived from your password/pin/fingerprint etc.
If Google wanted to (or was mandated by some 3 letter agencies), they could create a TPM that would also maintain a second copy of your enrolled credentials, but these would be encrypted using some key that is only know to Google (or others involved).
This way, anyone who had access to this "second" key (google, govt, etc), could simply decrypt the second copy of the credential database without having to crack your keys.
<TinFoilHatOn>No way to convince me this is not done already.</TinFoilHatOn>