Your carrier could look up your IMEI and give you another data point to get a better picture.
If the SIM works in another phone, which it sounds like it does, then the issue is likely the phone. Maybe the SIM slot is not functional?
You could reflash or sideload an OTA update. Or flash StockOS.
Maybe dialing this number will reveal something not right.
*#*#4636#*#*
It opens a "secret" menu -- it's not a phone call.
Up to you if you de ide to contact the carrier about the SIM not working in a phone you just got. You could try getting a new SIM. You can discuss if your APN is correct in the phone. Veridy with them. settings > Network > SIMs > metro > access point names