An aggressive anti-tracking setting with a VPN app or blocklist with an Adblocking app or PiHole for example can cause domains related to Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) to be blocked. I know The "Pro" tier and higher versions of the Hagezi blocklists will cause such FCM notification issues...
https://github.com/hagezi/dns-blocklists?tab=readme-ov-file#blocking-level
There's a note for that block list which states:
Does not block error trackers such as Bugsnag, Crashlytics, Firebase, Instabug, Sentry, ... and other app-specific crash trackers. These are only blocked from the Pro version onwards.