I have the same battery drain problem on my Pixel 10 Pro XL, some days are better, but more days are worse. Mainly I'm connected to Wifi, but mobile data consumption is always on top in battery stats with a screentime often less than 10 or 20 minutes after a day, I'm not a heavy user. Sometimes I have the feeling, I can see the battery indicator counting down like timer.
I use a physical Vodafone Germany sim-card, 4G only with VoLTE and VoWIFI, 2G deactivated, "mobile network always active" is disabled in developer options, mobile data are automatically turned of via Macrodroid, when connected to Wifi, "adaptive connection" is also set to off.
The devive gets warm in my pocket when I'm out and about (mostly hearing music from Spotify via Bluetooth 5.3 then), but the device often is also warm while lying idle beside me on the couch, like just in the moment and I'm home since 3 hours now.
Yes, I have 10 apps permanently running in the background with an exception from battery optimizing, but these apps only poorly apear in the battery stats, mobile network is on top, always.
I never had this problem on any other device, my last one before the Pixel was a now 6 years old, as far as possible degoogled (via ADB) Oppo Reno2 with the same apps, mostly from F-Droid or directly from GitHub via Obtainium, some from Aurora.
I tried every hint from the net like reseting the network connections, nothing worked permanently, only switching shortly to airplane mode and back after a network change helps, but every time you have to think about it and this can't be a permanent solution.
Before buying the Pixel, which is normally not in my preferred price range, I was reading all about Pixels and that they had heavily power consuming modems up to Pixel 9 series, but for Pixel 10 all the problems have been fixed, but apparently not. For the moment I'm very disappointed from the "Flag ship" Pixel 10 Pro XL and/or GrapheneOS, in relation to it's stamina.
Just did the airplane mode thing again, the device gets "cold" within 10 minutes and the battery indicator stopped to run like a countdown.
Finaly the question, is the device the problem or (an error in) GrapheneOS?