M113E55ML A feature that just came to mind could be very useful. Would it be possible to have an option in the settings to choose apps that automatically enable network permissions as soon as they are started, and disable them as soon as the app is closed? I'm thinking of apps like Amazon or Instagram or any other app actually, which can collect data in the background.
This is frequently requested, but often based on misconceptions.
Android tries pretty hard to control battery usage by apps. Without special permissions, apps aren't allowed to run other than very briefly while they are in the background.
Meanwhile, because network connectivity on phones is intermittent, there is standard app logic to store data for transmission when the network becomes connected, and also to remember desired downloads. Disabling an app's access to the network doesn't make it forget data it intends to transmit later.
Putting Amazon or Instagram in a separate profile, as roamer4223 suggested, and then using "End Session" on that profile, genuinely stops everything in that profile from running. If the apps aren't running, they can't be storing up data to transmit later.
M113E55ML Manually disabling network permissions after closing the app is a bit annoying. It would be much more convenient if this happened automatically.
Having the system flicker the network permission on and off would be more convenient than doing it manually, but neither approach protects you from the app storing data and uploading it later. This is the rationale provided by the GrapheneOS developers in the past when this feature has been requested.
Switching profiles to access Amazon or Instagram might seem cumbersome if it is done frequently. But at the end of the day if one is choosing to run Amazon or Instagram frequently one is also choosing to let those apps collect activity information frequently. If the goal is for those apps to collect less information, the inconvenience of putting those apps in a separate profile might lead to using them less often and less data being collected, which flickering the network permission on and off doesn't reliably accomplish.