Security support for Windows 7 ended a long time ago, and Windows 7 should really not be used at all anymore, not even for an airgapped offline computer. It is not safe, it hasn't gotten any security updates at all for 5 years and there are many known vulnerabilities.
I would strongly suggest to upgrade to a newer operating system that is still getting security updates, whether a newer Windows version or Linux.
The protocol used to transfer files is MTP, so if you really want to transfer files from your phone to your possibly infected Windows 7 machine, you need an MTP driver for Windows 7. I cannot help you with finding that though, I have no idea. It is still possible it won't work because no one is bothering to maintain drivers for modern Android versions in Windows 7, in which case I would recommend you boot from a Linux LiveUSB (e.g Fedora or Ubuntu) instead to transfer the files to your hard drive. That should work.