treenutz68
Yes, it is.
But unfortunately I have no experience with Linux.
I guess, then the solution AlphaElwedritsch has mentioned, is the easiest:
If you haven't deleted your e-mails in Gmail yet, connect Thunderbird via IMAP with your Gmail account, copy all mails there into a local folder.
If you have very much e-mails or a few folders with e-mails with heavy attachments, then I recommend to do it in stages, i.e. do not select and copy all Gmail mail folders at once, but only a few at a time. This avoids cancellations if the online connection is not optimal and you have better control over which mails have already successfully arrived in your local folder.
After this, don't forget to make a backup of your complete Thunderbird.