chile The idea I had was to just use a USB stick with Ubuntu/Debian. Would this be a bad idea?
I haven't tried it, and I don't recall hearing from people who did, so the below is speculation.
If all of the prerequisites are met, in theory it should be fine. But some "live image" setups don't have lots of writable storage, which the web installer needs a fair amount of. Also, specific browsers are required, and some fancy packaging systems (which I can imagine might be popular for "live image" setups) break USB access for the web installer.
I suspect it can be made to work, but I also suspect it's an "advanced intermediate" sort of thing, not an "advanced beginner" sort of thing. If you are using the web installer then failures are not likely to harm the device.
If you have an Android device (doesn't need to be GrapheneOS) that meets the prerequisites, that might be easier than futzing around with a USB-stick LInux.