You can try restarting the phone a few more times to see if the issue persists. I seem to recall there was a firmware recently that gave the OS corrupt message incorrectly. I'm not really sure how to ascertain the cause of the corrupt OS I'm afraid.
Either wag, reflashing the OS should resolve the issue, but of course you'd need to backup first. If it is indeed caused by failed partitions then it increases the likelihood you'll experience hardware failure again on your device.